Friday, March 2, 2007

Purpose of the Blog -- Synchronize with China

Never in history has a country experienced such fast development as China has in recent times. In merely 20 years, China has grown from an unknown country to the "awoken dragon" or “the next superpower” predicted by Sinologists.

Many westerners, including North Americans, were overwhelmed by a psychological and memory gap "created" by the western media. The superpower seemed to come from nowhere! For those who flip through newspapers and TV channels daily, over the past two decades they heard almost nothing but poverty, cheap labor or tyranny concerning this half-a-world-away country. How come it all-of-a-sudden out-of-the-blue became a superpower-to-be?


This is not to blame the reporters or the anchormen. In the media world, it's well known that "Dog bites man" is not as newsworthy as "man bites dog." That's why over 80% of what we heard over news is about war, crime, poverty and disaster. The same was true about the reports on China. How many people would be interested to know the steady economic growth every year in a huge Asian country? And who cares that China not only survived the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis but also played an important role to stop it from further rippling? By contrast, Japan might have been more under the spotlight of western media because 1) it's more familiar to westerners, and 2) Japan, although not affected much by the crisis, was going through its own long-term economic difficulties.

Yet, the fact is China's economy has been steadily developing at a high speed over the last 20 years, but only after a painful decade of inside-out reconstruction. Today, with GDP growing consistently around 10% each year (see chart)and hitting US$2.68 trillion in 2006, an overview of almost any of China's economic sectors becomes out of date before the proverbial ink dries. That means any books about China's economy become outdated by the time it's published. To westerners, who often lack access to China's media or the language capability to understand what is really going on in China, the Internet seems to be the only high-speed medium that can keep up with China's the super-fast development.

To prove our point, here is another important change going on in China you might not be aware at all. To those of you who would be surprised to see a NOT "Made in China" tag attached to the items you purchase from Wal-Mart or other department stores, you might think everybody has outsourced their production to China due to its cheap labor. Well, you are only half right. Nowadays, realizing China has gradually become one of the world's largest consumer markets, including luxury goods and services, many Fortune 500 companies have established their sales and marketing forces in China, not just their manufacturing divisions.

We are not here to idealize China or anything close. China certainly has its own many challenges ahead of the road, including an over-heating economy, a growing labor shortage (amazing for a country of 1.3 billion pairs of hands), appreciation pressure on the currency, an imbalanced industry structure, rife corruption in the government, an over-sized population and shocking wealth disparity. What we are here to do is to help westerners communicate with Chinese, familiarize the local business environment, go through culture shock, and overcome various barriers when dealing with the country and its people.

So, who are we and what we are going to do? We, a westerner who has lived and studied China in depth for more than seven years and a Chinese who has lived and worked in North America for seven years (plus another three working with westerners in China), are going to help you understand China with an unbiased and balanced view. From culture to economy to politics, from major cities to rural areas, from "lao bai xing" ("average Joe" in Chinese) to government officials, we can tell you about the real China with real stories, real studies and real pictures. We have the resource, both in China and western countries, to prepare special reports, including digests of the most recent research on China, that will open your eyes to China, enhance your China knowledge and enrich your China experience.

Special reports on specific topics can be put together as fast as in one to two weeks, a speed only bested by newspaper and the Internet. But they are more in-depth and comprehensive than most articles people can find in the fast media. Therefore, the reports are synchronized with China's development. What we need from you is your participation. Why not tell us about your experience with China: what you liked the most, what frustrated you the most, and what you'd like to understand better. We'll do our best to help you.

You have the desire to explore an amazing market, and we have the passion to connect people, not only business people, in both China and North America, and beyond. It's important. It might be the basis of understanding, and (who knows?) even peace between two peace-loving peoples. In any case, the time is beyond ripe to do so.


Top photo caption: The emblem of China's former-emperors is a lion with its paw on the globe symbolizing the anciently-held belief that he was the ruler of the world, a view that has begun to reassert itself in the minds of many as China reemerges on the world stage as a major economic power, political and military.

Bottom photo caption: A documentary film by CBC Television in partnership with US and European media networks: Go into the heart of a country that's experiencing the most remarkable transformation in the history of the planet, as the oldest civilization on earth becomes the world's dominant superpower. China will host the world at the 2008 Olympics, and is already affecting almost every country on the globe.

Tuesday, February 27, 2007

Liver n’ Cheese – a joke and beyond (How to talk to a Chinese in English)

[The joke]:
There were these three guys at a cafe, drinking their coffee - an American guy, a black guy, and a Chinese guy.

They see a really attractive waitress and comment on her good looks. Next thing you know they start making bets on who can get her to go out with them first. The waitress overhears them, and she goes up to them and says, "Hey, I heard you talking about me. Well, I like an intelligent guy, so let's see who can make the best sentence using the words 'liver' and 'cheese'."

So the American guy goes, "That's easy. I love liver and I hate cheese." The waitress shakes her heard in disgust.

The black guy goes, "Well, I hate liver and I love cheese." The waitress says, "That is so stupid. That's essentially the same thing!"

Then the Chinese guy steps up and puts his arm around the waitress' waist.
"Liver alone, cheese mine!"

[Gooroo's advice]: Didn’t get it? Read aloud the catch line and you’ll know what the Chinese guy was really saying.

Admit it, we all have accent when speaking English. Yet, Chinese have a unique style of accent, largely due to their mother tongue. The numerous dialects in China only make the situation worse: you may have been used to a type of accent, Cantonese for instance, but frustrated by the English spoken by a guy who comes from Beijing or Shanghai. Well, don't feel so bad, because even themselves, the ones from the three cities, can hardly understand each other if they all speak their own dialects.

What makes things really worse is they brought with them the Chinese grammar when speaking English, and that's where the most confusion and frustration comes from. My advice is simple:

  1. Attitude is everything. Give up your pride of being a native English speaker (trust me, a lot of people do have such pride) and be humble, be patient. Typically, as an important part of China’s culture, Chinese people are humble enough to dislike any cocky jerks. You would literally shut yourself to further conversation if you somehow show your meaningless pride. After all, you want to understand them and be understood well if you really want to do business or make friends with Chinese.

    Still cannot put your pride down? Think about this: they can speak your language, can you speak theirs?

    Don’t impress, but bless.
  2. Slow down. You are used to speak English at a “normal” speed, which could be too fast to the ones who pick up English as their second language. Remember, confused mind always says “No”. When you are fast, they get lost. The more you babble in such a speed, the more anxious and frustrated they become. When you slow down with breaks (minimum 3 seconds when you finish your talk), you are really giving the others more time to organize their wording in a better mood.
  3. Relax. Keep smile in your face, and never get fidget. By doing that, you show your respect to the people you talk to, and ease their nervousness (yes, they know they are not speaking good English and they are nervous about it). It takes only 13 facial muscles to smile but 30 to frown. Why not smile? Simply say: “Sorry, I didn’t quite understand what you said just now. Would you say it again?” with smile in your face, when you are lost in the conversation. Very likely, they’ll apologize for their crappy English, and they’ll love to say it again, usually in an easier way.
  4. No slang. Even for those Chinese who have lived in English speaking countries for years, they might not know all the slang you use everyday. I know it’s hard for you to live without it. It’s almost like the air you breathe in and out. Just try your best to speak plain simple English when you find the person you talk to is not at the “native” level. Instead of “bang on the buck”, simply say “return on investment”. Instead of “It drives me nuts” or “I go ape-shit”, try “It drives me crazy” or “I become very angry”. So much so on. Otherwise, you may really drive them nuts.

    Believe it or not, many Chinese immigrants to North America, scoring over 700 in GMAT or 2000 in GRE, own more vocabulary than you do. But the problem is they all learned English in a bookish way, knowing the meaning of each word but not knowing how to apply them to everyday life. By talking to them patiently, you actually help them adapt to the local environment while improving your communication skills. Win-win.
  5. Rephrase. Don’t assume (I don’t have to tell you what ASSUME stands for). A great way to clarify what they are saying is rephrasing in clear and simple English back to them. This technique works extremely well whenever there’s an important point to make. The fact is that many of them, although don’t speak fluent English, can understand you quite well unless some slang or jargons strike them in the middle.
  6. Use body language. This is almost spontaneous. Typically, westerners are better than easterners at this point. Take advantage of your strengths, and use body language to help express yourself. It’s really fun, and they will appreciate it. To your surprise, westerners and easterners use different body languages, in some cases, to express the same thing. Ask a Chinese how they mimic taking a shower, and show him/her how you do it. I bet you both will laugh.

As a growing number of Chinese study and live in English speaking countries or do international businesses, you’ll find a lot more of them speaking fluent, sometimes close-to-native, English. Be careful though. Sometimes, you feel so relaxed talking to them that you forgot they are not native. You throw lots of jokes or something heavily related to the western culture into the conversation, and then you see some reluctant chuckles or even blank face before you realize you are overdone.

Don’t get me wrong. Chinese do have sense of humor, but in a different way in many aspects. It’s very subtle and it varies region by region (of China). Often they laugh at your catch line not because they appreciate the humor, but they understand why it’s funny to you. In other words, they sometimes laugh to show you some friendliness. Language jokes, many related to slang, are typically difficult for them to "get it". As for the western culture, especially about music and arts and sports, don’t expect them to pick up the knowledge and sense overnight. Ditto to their English.

Stay humble, stay patient.

Sunday, February 25, 2007

Chinese New Year (Spring Festival) -- way more than Kung Hei Fat Choi

The Spring Festival is the most important festival for the Chinese people and is when all family members get together, just like Christmas in the West. All people living away from home go back, becoming the busiest time for transportation systems of about half a month from the Spring Festival. Airports, railway stations and long-distance bus stations are crowded with home returnees.

The Spring Festival falls on the 1st day of the 1st lunar month, often one month later than the Gregorian calendar. It originated in the Shang Dynasty (c. 1600 BC-c. 1100 BC) from the people's sacrifice to gods and ancestors at the end of an old year and the beginning of a new one.

Strictly speaking, the Spring Festival starts every year in the early days of the 12th lunar month and will last till the mid 1st lunar month of the next year. Of them, the most important days are Spring Festival Eve and the first three days. The Chinese government now stipulates people have seven days off for the Chinese Lunar New Year.

Many customs accompany the Spring Festival. Some are still followed today, but others have weakened.

On the 8th day of the 12th lunar month, many families make laba porridge, a delicious kind of porridge made with glutinous rice, millet, seeds of Job's tears, jujube berries, lotus seeds, beans, longan and gingko.

The 23rd day of the 12th lunar month is called Preliminary Eve. At this time, people offer sacrifice to the kitchen god. Now however, most families make delicious food to enjoy themselves.

After the Preliminary Eve, people begin preparing for the coming New Year. This is called "Seeing the New Year in".

Store owners are busy then as everybody goes out to purchase necessities for the New Year. Materials not only include edible oil, rice, flour, chicken, duck, fish and meat, but also fruit, candies and kinds of nuts. What's more, various decorations, new clothes and shoes for the children as well as gifts for the elderly, friends and relatives, are all on the list of purchasing.

Before the New Year comes, the people completely clean the indoors and outdoors of their homes as well as their clothes, bedclothes and all their utensils.

Then people begin decorating their clean rooms featuring an atmosphere of rejoicing and festivity. All the door panels will be pasted with Spring Festival couplets, highlighting Chinese calligraphy with black characters on red paper. The content varies from house owners' wishes for a bright future to good luck for the New Year. Also, pictures of the god of doors and wealth will be posted on front doors to ward off evil spirits and welcome peace and abundance.

The Chinese character "fu" (meaning blessing or happiness) is a must. The character put on paper can be pasted normally or upside down, for in Chinese the "reversed fu" is homophonic with "fu comes", both being pronounced as "fudaole." What's more, two big red lanterns can be raised on both sides of the front door. Red paper-cuttings can be seen on window glass and brightly colored New Year paintings with auspicious meanings may be put on the wall.

People attach great importance to Spring Festival Eve. At that time, all family members eat dinner together. The meal is more luxurious than usual. Dishes such as chicken, fish and bean curd cannot be excluded, for in Chinese, their pronunciations, respectively "ji", "yu" and "doufu," mean auspiciousness, abundance and richness. After the dinner, the whole family will sit together, chatting and watching TV. In recent years, the Spring Festival party broadcast on China Central Television Station (CCTV) is essential entertainment for the Chinese both at home and abroad. According to custom, each family will stay up to see the New Year in.

Waking up on New Year, everybody dresses up. First they extend greetings to their parents. Then each child will get money as a New Year gift, wrapped up in red paper. People in northern China will eat jiaozi, or dumplings, for breakfast, as they think "jiaozi" in sound means "bidding farewell to the old and ushering in the new". Also, the shape of the dumpling is like gold ingot from ancient China. So people eat them and wish for money and treasure.

Southern Chinese eat niangao (New Year cake made of glutinous rice flour) on this occasion, because as a homophone, niangao means "higher and higher, one year after another." The first five days after the Spring Festival are a good time for relatives, friends, and classmates as well as colleagues to exchange greetings, gifts and chat leisurely.

Burning fireworks was once the most typical custom on the Spring Festival. People thought the spluttering sound could help drive away evil spirits. However, such an activity was completely or partially forbidden in big cities once the government took security, noise and pollution factors into consideration. As a replacement, some buy tapes with firecracker sounds to listen to, some break little balloons to get the sound too, while others buy firecracker handicrafts to hang in the living room.

The lively atmosphere not only fills every household, but permeates to streets and lanes. A series of activities such as lion dancing, dragon lantern dancing, lantern festivals and temple fairs will be held for days. The Spring Festival then comes to an end when the Lantern Festival is finished.

China has 56 ethnic groups. Minorities celebrate their Spring Festival almost the same day as the Han people, and they have different customs.

Source: China Internet Information Center

---------------------------------------------------
Chinese New Year, a.k.a. Spring Festival or the Lunar New Year (pinyin: Nóng lì xīn nián), is the most important of the traditional Chinese holidays. The festival proper begins on the first day of the first lunar month (pinyin: zhēng yuè) in the Chinese calendar and ends on the 15th; this day is called Lantern Festival (pinyin: yuánxiāojié).

Chinese New Year's Eve is known as Chúxì (pinyin). Chu literally means "change" and xi means "Eve".

Celebrated internationally in areas with large populations of ethnic Chinese, Chinese New Year is considered a major holiday for the Chinese and has had a strong influence on the new year celebrations of its neighbours. These include Koreans, Vietnamese, Mongolians, the Nepalese, the Bhutanese but no longer the Japanese since 1873.

In countries such as Singapore, Malaysia, The Philippines, Thailand, and other countries with significant Chinese populations, the Lunar New Year is also celebrated, largely by ethnic Chinese, but it is not part of the traditional cultures of these countries. In Thailand, for example, the true New Year celebration of the ethnic Thais is Songkran, which is totally different and is celebrated in April.

The period around Chinese New Year is also the time of the largest human migration, when migrant workers in China, as well as overseas Chinese around the world travel home to have reunion dinners with their families on Chinese New Year's eve. More interurban trips are taken in mainland China in this 40-day period than the total population of China.

Source: Wikipedia. See more at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_New_Year

Saturday, February 24, 2007

The Chinese Animal Zodiac


Mouse Ox Tiger Rabbit Dragon Snake
Horse Sheep Monkey Rooster Dog Pig

Chinese Lunar Calendar


Background and Concept


The Chinese animal signs are a 12-year cycle used for dating the years. They represent a cyclical concept of time, rather than the Western linear concept of time. The Chinese Lunar Calendar is based on the cycles of the moon, and is constructed in a different fashion than the Western solar calendar. In the Chinese calendar, the beginning of the year falls somewhere between late January and early February. The Chinese have adopted the Western calendar since 1911, but the lunar calendar is still used for festive occasions such as the Chinese New Year. Many Chinese calendars will print both the solar dates and the Chinese lunar dates.

Background Information


In the United States, the years are dated from the birth of Jesus Christ, for example, 1977 means 1,977 years after the birth of Christ. This represents a linear perception of time, with time proceeding in a straight line from the past to the present and the future. In traditional China, dating methods were cyclical, cyclical meaning something that is repeated time after time according to a pattern. A popular folk method which reflected this cyclical method of recording years are the Twelve Animal Signs. Every year is assigned an animal name or "sign" according to a repeating cycle: Rat, Ox, Tiger, Rabbit, Dragon, Snake, Horse, Sheep, Monkey, Rooster, Dog, and Boar. Therefore, every twelve years the same animal name or "sign" would reappear.


A cultural sidelight of the animal signs in Chinese folklore is that horoscopes have developed around the animal signs, much like monthly horoscopes in the West have been developed for the different moon signs, Pisces, Aries, etc. For example, a Chinese horoscope may predict that a person born in the Year of the Horse would be, "cheerful, popular, and loves to compliment others". These horoscopes are amusing, but not regarded seriously by the Chinese people.


The animal signs also serve a useful social function for finding out people’s ages. Instead of asking directly how old a person is, people often ask what is his or her animal sign. This would place that person’s age within a cycle of 12 years, and with a bit of common sense, we can deduce the exact age. More often, though, people ask for animal signs not to compute a person’s exact numerical age, but to simply know who is older among friends and acquaintances.


Legend


According to Chinese legend, the twelve animals quarreled one day as to who was to head the cycle of years. The gods were asked to decide and they held a contest: whoever was to reach the opposite bank of the river would be first, and the rest of the animals would receive their years according to their finish.


All the twelve animals gathered at the river bank and jumped in. Unknown to the ox, the rat had jumped upon his back. As the ox was about to jump ashore, the rat jumped off the ox's back, and won the race. The pig, who was very lazy, ended up last. That is why the rat is the first year of the animal cycle, the ox second, and the pig last.


Zodiac Chart


The rotating cycle of twelve animal signs was a folk method for naming the years in traditional China. The animal signs for one another in an established order, and are repeated every twelve years. 1976 was the Year of the Dragon, and 1977 was the year of the Snake.


Source: Chinese Culture Center of San Francisco

Thursday, February 22, 2007

Why Dragon Heir?


China is the country of dragon, an imagined creature originated from ancient time when China was not called China yet. The Chinese dragon has the head of a camel, the horns of a deer, the eyes of a rabbit, the ears of a cow, the neck of a snake, the belly of fog, the scales of carp, the claws of a hawk, and the palm of a tiger. Unlike the ones in the western culture, which are mostly evil and devastating, the dragons in the Chinese culture have more characters. Except a few bad ones in legend stories, dragons are the trademark of power and tradionally symbolize auspiciousness with phoenix.

The emperors are deemed the avator of dragon to manage the country. Therefore, their body was called "dragon body" and their kids are "dragon babies". Their formal dress is "dragon robe" with golden dragons embroidered in the front and back. People they managed worshiped them as the heavenly dragons. Today, if you take a chance to tour the Forbidden City, the grand palace of Qing and Ming Dynasty located in the heart of Beijing, you will see dragons overwhelmingly associated to the building and China's history.

However, dragon does not just belong to the royal family, but live among the normal people. As a protector symbolizing righteousness, dragon appears everywhere in people's everyday life. In the 12-year cycle Chinese zodiac system, dragon is one of the twelve creatures. Typically, people born in the year of dragon consider themselves lucky. Even the ones born in the year of snake would prefer to say they are "small dragons".

The birth of dragon culture is believed to start from the legendary figure, Fuxi, who is generally acknowledged as the earliest ancestor of Chinese nation. He's said to have had a human head, and the body of a dragon. He lived in northwest China, and later, he led his tribe down the Yellow River and settled in central China. He created weaving and musical instrument skills. Even the "Eight Diagrams" are said to have been worked out by him.

As time flushed the dynasties away, the history of emperors concluded, but the spirit of dragon stayed in every inch of the soil and every piece of soul of the historical yet awaking country. Dragon has become a spiritual tie linking not only the nation, but Chinese people all over the world. We call ourselves the heir of dragon.